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 MIC68200
2A Sequencing LDO with Tracking and Ramp ControlTM
General Description
The MIC68200 is a high peak current LDO regulator designed specifically for powering applications such as FPGA core voltages that require high start up current with lower nominal operating current. Capable of sourcing 2A of current for start-up, the MIC68200 provides high power from a small MLFTM leadless package. The MIC68200 can also implement a variety of power-up and power-down protocols such as sequencing, tracking, and ratiometric tracking. The MIC68200 operates from a wide input range of 1.65V to 5.5V, which includes all of the main supply voltages commonly available today. It is designed to drive digital circuits requiring low voltage at high currents (i.e. PLDs, DSP, microcontroller, etc.). The MIC68200 incorporates a delay pin (Delay) for control of power on reset output (POR) at turn-on and powerdown delay at turn-off. In addition, there is a ramp control pin (RC) for either tracking applications or output voltage slew rate adjustment at turn-on and turn-off. This is important in applications where the load is highly capacitive and in-rush currents can cause supply voltages to fail and microprocessors or other complex logic chips to hang up. Multiple MIC68200s can be daisy chained in two modes. In tracking mode the output voltage of the Master drives the RC pin of a Slave so that the Slave tracks the main regulator during turn-on and turn-off. In sequencing mode the POR of the Master drives the enable (EN) of the Slave so that it turns on after the Master and turns off before (or after) the Master. This behavior is critical for power-up and power-down control in multi-output power supplies. The MIC68200 is fully protected offering both thermal and current limit protection and reverse current protection. The MIC68200 has a junction temperature range of -40C to +125C and is available in fixed as well as an adjustable option. There is also an adjustable option. The MIC68200 is offered in the tiny 10-pin 3mm x 3mm MLFTM package.
Features
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Stable with 4.7uF ceramic capacitor Input voltage range: 1.65V to 5.5V +1.0% initial output tolerance 2A maximum output current - peak start up 1A Continuous Operating Current Tracking on turn-on and turn-off with pin strapping Timing Controlled Sequencing On/Off Programmable Ramp ControlTM for in-rush current limiting and slew rate control of the output voltage Power-on Reset (POR) supervisor with programmable delay time Single Master can control multiple Slave regulators with tracking output voltages Tiny 3mm x 3mm MLFTM package Maximum dropout (VIN - VOUT) of 500mV over temperature at 1A output current Fixed and Adjustable Output Voltages Excellent line and load regulation specifications Logic controlled shutdown Thermal shutdown and current limit protection
Applications
* * * * * FPGA/PLD Power Supply Networking/Telecom Equipment Microprocessor Core Voltage High Efficiency Linear Post Regulator Sequenced or Tracked Power Supply
MLF and MicroLeadFrame are trademarks of Amkor Technology, Inc. Micrel Inc. * 2180 Fortune Drive * San Jose, CA 95131 * USA * tel +1 (408) 944-0800 * fax + 1 (408) 474-1000 * http://www.micrel.com
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M9999-121905 (408) 955-1690
Micrel, Inc.
MIC68200
Typical Application
2x 47K 4.7F GND POR
Processor
I/O
VIN = 3.3V EN 0.6nF
MIC68200-1.8YML IN EN RC DELAY OUT
10nF
MIC68200-1.5YML IN EN RC DELAY OUT 4.7F CORE
0.7nF
1nF
GND
POR
/RESET
Sequenced Dual Power Supply for I/O and Core Voltage of Processor
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MIC68200
47K VIN = 1.8V EN 10nF MIC68200-1.5YML IN EN RC DELAY OUT 4.7F GND POR
Processor
I/O
MIC68200-1.2YML IN EN RC DELAY OUT 4.7F CORE
10nF
GND
POR
/RESET
Tracking Dual Power Supply for I/O and Core Voltage of Processor
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MIC68200
Block Diagram
Ordering Information
Part Number MIC68200-1.8YML MIC68200YML Output Current 2.0A 2.0A Voltage 1.8V ADJ Junction Temperature Range -40C to +125C -40C to +125C Package PB-Free 10-Pin 3x3 MLFTM PB-Free 10-Pin 3x3 MLFTM
NOTE: For additional voltage options, please contact Micrel Marketing.
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MIC68200
Pin Configuration
1 2 3 4 5 EP 10 9 8 7 6
10-Pin 3mm x 3mm MLF (ML) MIC68200-x.xYML (Fixed) MIC68200YML (Adjustable)
Pin Description (Pin Numbering may change depending upon layout considerations)
3x3 MLF-10 Fixed
1,2 3 4 5 6, EP 7
3x3 MLF-10 Adjustable
1,2 3 4 5 6, EP 7
Pin Name
VIN Delay RC EN GND POR
Pin Function
Input: Input voltage supply pin. Place a capacitor to ground to bypass the input supply Delay: Capacitor to ground sets internal delay timer. Timer delays power-on reset (POR) output at turn-on and ramp down at turn-off. Ramp Control: Voltage driven for tracking applications. Capacitor to ground sets slew rate during start-up. Enable (Input): CMOS compatible input. Logic high = enable and logic low = shutdown. Ground: EP is connected to ground on 3x3 MLF-10L. Power-on Reset: Open-drain output device indicates when the output is in regulation. High (open) means device is regulating within 10%. POR onset can be delayed using a single capacitor from Delay-to-ground. Adjustable regulators: Feedback input. Connect to external resistor voltage divider. Fixed regulators: Sense pin. Connect to output at load for point-ofload regulation. Output Voltage: Output of voltage regulator. Place capacitor to ground to bypass the output voltage. Minimum load current is 100uA. Nominal bypass capacitor is 4.7uf ceramic.
8
8
ADJ / SNS
9, 10
9,10
VOUT
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MIC68200
Absolute Maximum Ratings(1)
Supply Voltage (VIN) ................................................ 6V Enable Input Voltage (VEN)..................... 0 to VIN + 0.3V POR (VPOR)...................................................VIN + 0.3V RC ...............................................................VIN + 0.3V Power Dissipation...........................Internally Limited(3) Junction Temperature ................ -40C TJ +125C Storage Temperature (TS) .......... -65C TJ +150C ESD Rating(4) ........................................................ 2KV
Operating Ratings(2)
Supply voltage (VIN) .................................1.65V to 5.5V Enable Input Voltage (VEN).............................. 0V to VIN Ramp Control (VRC).......................................0V to 5.5V Junction Temperature Range ...... -40C TJ +125C Package Thermal Resistance 3x3 MLF-10 (JA) ...................................... 60C/W
Electrical Characteristics(5)
TA = 25C with VIN = VOUT + 1V; VEN = VIN; IOUT = 10mA; bold values indicate -40C TJ +125C, unless noted.
Parameter
Output Voltage Accuracy Output Voltage Line Regulation Output Voltage Load Regulation VIN - VO; Dropout Voltage
Conditions
10mA < IOUT < IL(max), VOUT + 1 VIN 5.5V VIN = VOUT + 1V to 5.0V IL = 0mA to 2A IL = 500mA IL = 1.0A IL = 2.0A IL = 10mA IL = 500mA IL = 1.0A IL = 2.0A VEN = 0.55V; VOUT = 0V VOUT = 0V; VIN = 3.0V VEN = VIN; CRC = Open Regulator enable Regulator shutdown VIL 0.2V (Regulator shutdown) VIH 1V (Regulator enable) VPOR = 5.5V; POR = High Output Logic-Low Voltage (undervoltage condition), IPOR = 1mA
Min -2
Typ
0.06 0.3 140 220 330 1.5 7 15 42 0.01
Max +2
0.5 1
Units
% % % mV mV mV mA mA mA mA A A s V V mV A A
300 500 700 15 30 80 10 6.0 150
Ground Pin Current
Shutdown Current Current Limit Start-up Time
2.0
3.4 25
Enable Input
Enable Input Threshold Enable Hysteresis Enable Input Current
1 0.2 50
100 0.8 2 1 2 60 7.5 10 10 12.5 1 1.235 12.5 15
250
POR Output
IPOR(LEAK) VPOR(LO) VPOR : VOUT Ramping Up VOUT Ramping Down A A mV % % A V
Threshold, % of VOUT below nominal VDELAY = 0V VPOR = High
Delay Current Delay Voltage (Note 6)
0.7 1.185
1.3 1.285
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MIC68200
Parameter Ramp Control
IRAMP IDISCHARGE(OUTPUT) (Note 7) Tracking Accuracy: (Note 8)
Notes:
Conditions
Ramp Control Current VOUT = 0.5VREF, VRAMP =0V Fixed 200mV < VRC < VTARGET ; Measure (VOUT - VRC) Measure (VOUT - VRC x (VTARGET / 500mV))
Min 0.7
25 5
Typ
1 45 10
Max 1.3
100
Units
A mA mV
1. Exceeding the absolute maximum rating may damage the device. 2. The device is not guaranteed to function outside its operating rating. 3. The maximum allowable power dissipation of any TA (ambient temperature) is PD(max) = TJ(max) - TA) / JA. Exceeding the maximum allowable power dissipation will result in excessive die temperature, and the regulator will go into thermal shutdown. 4. Devices are ESD sensitive. Handling precautions recommended. Human body model, 1.5k in series with 100pF. 5. Specification for packaged product only. 6. Timer High Voltage along with Delay pin current (1A nom) determines the delay per uF of capacitance. Typical delay is 1.1sec/f 7. Discharge current is the current drawn from the output to ground to actively discharge the output capacitor during the shutdown process. 8. VTARGET is the output voltage of an adjustable with customer resistor divider installed between VOUT and Adj/Sns pin, or the rated output voltage of a fixed device.
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MIC68200
Typical Characteristics
45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 0.0 VIN = VOUT + 1V VOUT = 1.8V COUT = 10F 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.6 OUTPUT CURRENT (A) 2.0 0.5 1 VIN = VOUT + 1V VOUT = 1.8V COUT = 10F IOUT = 10mA 1 2 3 4 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) 5 1.5
Ground Current vs. Output Current
2
Output Voltage vs. Input Voltage
400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 0.0
Dropout Voltage vs. Output Current
0 0
VIN = VOUT + 1V VOUT = 1.8V COUT = 10F 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.6 OUTPUT CURRENT (A) 2.0
0.06 0.05 0.04 0.03 0.02 0.01 0.00
Ground Current vs. Temperature
VIN = VOUT + 1V VOUT = 1.8V COUT = 10F 2A
2.00 1.95 1.90 1.85 1.80 1.75
Output Voltage vs. Temperature
500 V =V + 1V 450 VIN =OUT OUT 1.8V 400 COUT = 10F 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0
Dropout Voltage vs. Temperature
2A
1A 500mA 100mA 10mA 20 40 60 80 TEMPERATURE (C)
1A 0.1A 20 40 60 80 TEMPERATURE (C)
1.70 1.65 1.60
VIN = VOUT + 1V VOUT = 1.8V COUT = 10F 20 40 60 80 TEMPERATURE (C)
1 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5
Enable Threshold vs. Input Voltage
4.0 3.9 3.8 3.7 3.6 3.5 3.4 3.3 3.2
Current Limit vs. Input Voltage
1
Output Noise Spectral Density
0.1
0.01 VIN = 2.8V VOUT = 1.8V COUT = 10F VIN = VOUT +1V VOUT = 1.8V COUT = 10F 1 10 100 1,000 10,000 FREQUENCY (kHz)
0.4 1.9 2.4 2.9 3.4 3.9 4.4 4.9 5.4 INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
VOUT = 1.8V IOUT = 10mA COUT = 10F
3.1 3.0 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
0.001 0.01 0.1
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MIC68200
Functional Characteristics
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MIC68200
Applications Information
Enable Input The MIC68200 features a TTL/CMOS compatible positive logic enable input for on/off control of the device. High (>1V) enables the regulator while low (<.2V) disables the regulator. In shutdown, the regulator consumes very little current (only a few microamperes of leakage). For simple applications, the enable can be connected to VIN. While the MIC68200 only requires a few A's of enable current to turn on, actual enable pin current will depend upon the overdrive (voltage exceeding 1V) in each particular application. Enable Connections for Logic Driven input
VIN = 3.3V MIC68200-1.8BML IN RC EN
Control Logic High > 1V
Input Capacitor An input capacitor of 0.1F or greater is recommended when the device is more than 4 inches away from the bulk supply capacitance, or when the supply is a battery. Small, surface mount chip capacitors can be used for the bypassing. The capacitor should be place within 1 inch of the device for optimal performance. Larger values will help to improve ripple rejection by bypassing the regulator input, further improving the integrity of the output voltage. Output Capacitor The MIC68200 requires an output capacitor for stable operation. As a Cap LDO, the MIC68200 can operate with ceramic output capacitors of 4.7F or greater with ESR's ranging from a 3m to over 300m. Values of greater than 4.7F improve transient response and noise reduction at high frequency. X7R/X5R dielectric-type ceramic capacitors are recommended because of their superior temperature performance. X7R-type capacitors change capacitance by 15% over their operating temperature range and are the most stable type of ceramic capacitors. Larger output capacitances can be achieved by placing tantalum or aluminum electrolytics in parallel with the ceramic capacitor. For example, a 100F electrolytic in parallel with a 4.7F ceramic can provide the transient and high frequency noise performance of a 100F ceramic at a significantly lower cost. Specific undershoot/overshoot performance will depend upon both of the values and ESR/ESL of the capacitors.
OUT POR GND Delay 10nF
4.7F
MIC68200-1.5BML IN RC EN GND OUT POR Delay 1nF
4.7F
Enable Connection for VIN-Driven and/or Slow Risetime Inputs
VIN = 3.3V ~ 1V/mSec MIC68200-1.8YML IN RC
10K
OUT POR GND Delay
4.7F
EN
10nF
10nF MIC68200-1.5YML IN RC EN GND OUT POR Delay 1nF 4.7F
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Adjustable Regulator Design
VOUT *CFF 0.1F Sns/Adj 0.5V
*Required only for large values of R1 and R2.
MIC68200 is ramped down. Both delays are nominally the same, and are calculated by the same formula:
C TSHUTDOWN = TPOR = (1.13 ) RAMP 1A
R1 COUT R2 4.7F
Scale Factor is: 1.13 seconds/microfarad, 1.13 milliseconds/nanofarad, or 1.13 nanoseconds/picofarad. This behavior means that a P or other complex logic system is guaranteed that power has been good for a known time before the POR is released, and they are further guaranteed that once POR is pulled low, they have a known time to `tidy up' memory or other registers for a well controlled shutdown. In Master/Slave configurations, the timers can be used to assure that the Master is always accurately regulating when the Slave is on.
Ramp Control The ramp control (RC) has a bidirectional current source and a sense amplifier, which together are used to control the voltage at the output. When RC is below the target voltage (nominal output voltage for fixed voltage parts, 0.5V for adjustable parts) the RC pin controls the output voltage. When RC is at or above the target voltage, the output is controlled by the internal regulator.
Adjustable Regulator with Resistors
The adjustable MIC68200 output voltage can be programmed from 0.5V to 5.5V using a resistor divider from output to the ADJ/SNS pin. Resistors can be quite large, up to 1M because of the very high input impedance and low bias current of the sense amplifier. Typical sense input currents are less than 30nA which causes less than 0.3% error with R1 and R2 less than or equal to 1M. For large value resistors (>50K) R1 should be bypassed by a small capacitor (CFF = 0.1F bypass capacitor) to avoid instability due to phase lag at the ADJ/SNS input. The output resistor divider values are calculated by:
R1 VOUT = 0.5V + 1 R2
Power on Reset (POR) and Delay The power-on reset output (POR) is an open-drain N-Channel device requiring a pull-up resistor to either the input voltage or output voltage for proper voltage levels. POR is driven by the internal timer so that the release of POR at turn-on can be delayed for as much as 1 second. POR is always pulled low when enable (EN) is pulled low or the output goes out of regulation by more than 10% due to loading conditions.
The internal timer is controlled by the DELAY pin which has a bidirectional current source and two limiting comparators. A capacitor connected from DELAY to GND sets the delay time for two functions. On start up, DELAY sets the time from power good to the release of the POR. At shut down, the delay sets the time from disable (ENABLE pin driven low) to actual ramp down of the output voltage. The current source is +/-1A, which charges the capacitor from ~150mV (nominal disabled DELAY voltage) to ~1.25V. At turn on, the DELAY cap begins to charge when the output voltage reaches 90% of the target value. When the capacitor reaches 1.25V, the output of the POR is released to go high. At turn off, the DELAY cap begins to discharge when the ENABLE is driven low. When the cap reaches ~150mV the output
Tracking Applications: Driving RC from a Voltage Source Fixed Parts: If RC is driven from another (Master) regulator the two outputs will track each other until the Master exceeds the target voltage of the Slave regulator. Typically, the output of the MIC68200 will track above the RC input by 30mV to 70mV. This offset is designed to allow Master/Slave tracking of same-voltage regulators. Without the offset, samevoltage Master/Slave configurations could suffer poor regulation. Adjustable Parts: The RC pin on adjustable versions operates from 0V to 0.5V. To implement tracking on an adjustable version, an external resistor divider must be used. This divider is the nearly same ratio as the voltage setting divider used to drive the Sense/Adj pin. It is recommended that the ratio be adjusted to track ~50mV (2% to 3%) above the target voltage if the Master and Slave are operating at the same target voltage.
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Micrel, Inc. Ramp Up: Cap Controlled Slew Rate If a capacitor is connected to RC, the bidirectional current source will charge the cap during startup and discharge the cap during shutdown. The size of the capacitor and the RC current (1A nom) control the slew rate of the output voltage during startup. For example, to slew a 1.8V regulator from zero to full output in 10mSec requires a 5.6nF capacitor. For Fixed Versions:
C TSLEW = VOUT RAMP 1A
MIC68200
Sequencing Connections
10K
VIN = 2.5V
EN
MIC68200-1.8YML
IN
RC
OUT POR GND
Delay
I/O 4.7F Processor
EN
CDlyM
MIC68200-1.2YML IN RC EN GND OUT POR Delay
CDlyS
Core
4.7F
/RESET
Similarly, to slew an adjustable (any output voltage) from 0 to full output in 10mSec requires a 20nF cap. For Adjustable Versions:
C TSLEW = 0.5 V RAMP 1A
10K
Delayed Sequencing CDlyS > CDlyM [CDlyS=2nF; CDlyM=1nF]
Ramp Down: Turn Off Slew Rate When EN is pulled low, the RC current is reversed and the RC capacitor begins to discharge. When the RC capacitor has fully discharged the output begins to ramp down. The delay is the same as the POR delay during turn on, and the same formula applies.
C TSHUTDOWN = (1.13 ) RAMP 1A
Sequencing Configurations Sequencing refers to timing based Master/Slave control between regulators. It allows a Master device to control the start and stop timing of a single or multiple Slave devices. In typical sequencing, the Master POR drives the Slave EN. The sequence begins with the Master EN driven high. The Master output then ramps up and triggers the Master DELAY when the Master output reaches 90%. The Master DELAY then determines when the POR is released to enable the Slave device. When the Master EN is driven low, the Master POR is immediately pulled low causing the Slave to ramp down. However, the Master output will not ramp down until the Master DELAY has fully discharged. In this way, the Master power can remain good after the Slave has been ramped down.
Windowed Sequencing CDlyS < CDlyM [CDlyS=1nF; CDlyM=2nF]
In sequencing configurations the Master DELAY controls the turn-on time of the Slave and the Slave DELAY controls the turn-off time of the Slave.
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Tracking Configurations
MIC68200 Fixed voltage versions of MIC68200 have two internal voltage dividers: one for setting the output voltage and the other for driving the tracking circuitry. Adjustable parts have up to two external dividers: one from output to Adj/Sns (to set the output voltage) and one from the output to the Slave RC pin (in tracking configurations). Also, the RC pin in fixed parts operates at the same voltage as the output, whereas the RC pin in adjustable parts operates at the 0.5V reference. To setup a normal tracking configuration, the divider driving the Slave RC pin is the same ratio (or nearly the same - if both Master and Slave are set to the same output voltage, the Slave RC divider should be adjusted 2% to 4% higher) as the divider driving the Slave Adj/Sns pin. This is shown below.
Adjustable Voltage devices
10K
VOUT1
Normal Tracking In normal tracking the Slave RC pin is driven from the Master output. The internal control buffering assures that the output of the Slave is always slightly above the Master to guarantee that the Slave properly regulates (based on its own internal reference) if Master and Slave are both fixed voltage devices of the same output voltage. The schematic and plot below show a 1.2 volt device tracking a 1.8 volt device through the entire turn-on / turn-off sequence. Note that since the RC pin will overdrive the target voltage (to assure proper regulation) the ramp down delay is longer than the POR delay during turn-on.
Fixed Voltage Devices
10K VIN = 2.5V EN 1nF 1nF MIC68200-1.8YML IN EN RC DELAY OUT Adj/Sns GND POR 4.7F
VIN = 3.3V EN 2nF 1nF
MIC68200YML IN EN RC DELAY OUT Adj/Sns GND POR 10.0K 2.50K 1.0K 383
VOUT1
4.7F
MIC68200-1.2YML IN EN RC DELAY OUT Adj/Sns GND POR
VOUT2
MIC68200YML IN EN RC DELAY OUT Adj/Sns GND POR
VOUT2
4.7F
POR
10.0K 3.83K
4.7F
NC
NC
POR
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Micrel, Inc. Ratiometric Tracking Ratiometric tracking allows independent ramping speeds for both regulators so that the regulation voltage is reached at the same time. This is accomplished by adding a resistor divider between the Master output pin and the Slave RC pin. The divider should be scaled such that the Slave RC pin reaches or exceeds the target output voltage of the Slave as the Master reaches its target voltage.
Fixed Voltage Devices
10K VIN = 2.5V EN 1nF 1nF MIC68200-1.8YML IN EN RC DELAY OUT Adj/Sns GND POR
VOUT1
MIC68200
Ratiometric tracking may be used with adjustable parts by simply connecting the RC pins of the Master and Slave. Use a single RC capacitor of twice the normal value (since twice the current is injected into the single RC cap). Alternatively, adjustable parts may use ratiometric tracking in a manner similar to standard tracking, with the tracking divider changed to the same resistor ratio driving the Master Adj/Sns pin.
Adjustable Voltage Devices
10K VIN = 3.3V EN 3nF 1nF MIC68200YML IN EN RC DELAY OUT Adj/Sns GND POR 10.0K 2.5K
VOUT1
1K 1.5K
4.7F
4.7F
MIC68200-1.2YML IN EN RC DELAY OUT Adj/Sns GND POR
VOUT2
MIC68200YML IN EN RC DELAY OUT Adj/Sns GND POR 10.0K 3.83K
4.7F
POR
VOUT2
4.7F
NC
NC
POR
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Micrel, Inc.
MIC68200
Package Information
10-Pin 3mm x 3mm MLF (ML)
MICREL, INC. 2180 FORTUNE DRIVE SAN JOSE, CA 95131 USA
TEL +1 (408) 944-0800 FAX +1 (408) 474-1000 WEB http:/www.micrel.com
The information furnished by Micrel in this data sheet is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Micrel for its use. Micrel reserves the right to change circuitry and specifications at any time without notification to the customer. Micrel Products are not designed or authorized for use as components in life support appliances, devices or systems where malfunction of a product can reasonably be expected to result in personal injury. Life support devices or systems are devices or systems that (a) are intended for surgical implant into the body or (b) support or sustain life, and whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to result in a significant injury to the user. A Purchaser's use or sale of Micrel Products for use in life support appliances, devices or systems is a Purchaser's own risk and Purchaser agrees to fully indemnify Micrel for any damages resulting from such use or sale. (c) 2005 Micrel, Inc.
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